Friday, May 29, 2009

BTN: "Vasudhaika kutumbakam" - Great Discipline of Brahmins in India - Interesting..

Dear Readers:
 
There are a class of people in India who are allergic to the 'Brahmin' word (they are copied) because of whatever reasons.
 After the Khichidi  set of religions and non-believers like DMK ministers - some of  us feel proud to be 'Secular' and democracy.
 
But, both in India and USA, the way demcracy is evolving , a certain class of people started voting as blocks.
 
e.g. Dalits of UP - mayawati
       Dalits of Bihar - paswan
       OBC and Muslims of UP - Mulayam
       Jats - Ajit Singh/Chautala
       Muslims - any non-BJP
 
in USA: Latinos- voted as a block to Democratic President
            Muslims - voted (under a kind of fatwa from CAIR) to a President, whose father was Muslim.
            African-Americans - voted as a block and forgot every other ideology
 
The high level concept of democracy  got corrupted because of Secularism with presence of unsatisfied minorities and backward classes. By vote bank pressure, the people at helm of affairs are forced to do things which are not right for the country. e.g. the 12 million illegal immigrants in USA (Mostly Mexican Latinos) have citizen Latino sympathizers who will vote against any party , who will oppose illegal immigration. It is estimated that US Latino voters , will reach about 18% of voters in few years will call shots and any party who talks straight and right , will have to lose election or succumb to do things which are not good for country. The GoP in USA and BJP in India are victims of such 'vote block' politics.
 
In India also both CPI-M and Congress allowed the majority 40 million Bangladeshi illegal immigrants to settle; they didn't enforce the law to send them back, for vote bank. Now, they shifted allegiance from CPI-M to Mamta and CPI-M screwed up. The BJP came to power and did nothing different.
 
 
Now,an US   Supreme court judge hopeful Ms. Sotomayor is elevated because of her Latino background even though she is not the best judicial talent.
 
To me it appears that the old system with a king with a wise minister (Maha mantri) with Brahmin advisors was far far better than the current version of secular democracy. Some may argue that "what if there was a bad king ?" - but we have Lalu/Jyoti basu and Naveen patnaik and their likes, who are either corrupt or under-performers. What the difference is ?
 
What do you think ? Don't you think that by allowing persons like Lalu, Paswan, Mayawati, Mulayam (manmohan, chidambaram, Kapil sibal etc. are Ok because they are / were among best in their professions to rule .To me secularism is nothing but compromising with quality of administration which is not good for our country.
 
Some may argue that when Brahmans were at helm of affairs , they where mistreated Dalits. Then again,  when Islamic invaders were at helm of affairs, how they fared ? I don't see any kind of complaints from Dalits regarding the 1000+ years of islamic rule ? Dalit's main target are still Brahmins.. just like Pakistan's India..
 
Democracy would have been successful if
  • each people would have voted a candidate based on his leadership quality and merit
  • without looking at his party, surname, caste, religion, ethnicity
But, you know that is never going to happen ...
Nevertheless, please read feel free to comment..; all comments welcome..
 
-Manoj Padhi
A Brahmin
 
 Fri, May 29, 2009 at 5:24 PM, Prem Sabhlok <psabhlok@hotmail.com> wrote:


Brahmins in Vedas are part of Chatvar Varna Ashram-  four divne professions. In a Vedic mosiac society all four are equal and they are co-workers of prosperity having different roles to perform. These divine Varnas are allotted based Vedic Education on merit, ability and aptitude and not Birth. Vedic Brahmins are those who study till the age 0f 36 years (Rudrais) and till the age of 48 years (Adityas). Kashtriyas study till the age of 24 Years.
 
A Vedic Brahmin has a complete knowledge of all social, physical and material sciences, Military science, Spiritual and Divine knowledge.
Material knowledge relates to perishable matter, spiritual knowledge relate to withdrawable i.e.energy, power, Prakrti etc and divine knowledge relate to eternal like , Parmatma, Atma, Time, Space etc
Revival of Vedas can strengthen Vedic Sanatan Dharma.
with regards,
Prem Sabhlok
 

.
"Vasudhaika kutumbakam"

Great Discipline of Brahmins in India

 

 

 

Brahmin is the class of educators, law makers, doctors, scholars and preachers in Hinduism. It is said to occupy the highest position among the four varnas of Hinduism.

 

The English word brahmin is an anglicised form of the Sanskrit word Brahmana (Brahman also refers to a sanskrit word Brahma- meaning 'knowledge', Brahman (noun form) who possesses the 'knowledge.' Brahmins are also called Vipra "learned" or Dvija "twice-born".

 

In Buddhist sources written in Pali and Prakrit, including Ashokan inscriptions, Brahmins are commonly called Babhans which is the Pali word for Brahmins.

 

Historically, the rulers acted in close relationship with Brahmins, and relied on them as their advisors. Gradually, the Brahmins became a powerful and influential group in India, attracting accusations of discriminating against 'lower' castes. In modern India, the Brahmins have complained of reverse discrimination.

 

Brahmin communities

 

The Brahmin castes may be broadly divided into two regional groups: Pancha-Gauda Brahmins and Pancha-Dravida Brahmins as per the write up is from Rajatarangini of Kalhana which is composed only in 11th CE and many communities find their traces from sages mentioned in much older Vedas and puranas.

 

 

Pancha Gauda Brahmins

Pancha Gauda (the five classes of Northern India): (1) Saraswat,(2) Kanyakubja, (3)Maithil Brahmins (4) Gauda brahmins (including Sanadhyas)) (5)Utkala Brahmins .

 

Pancha Dravida Brahmins

Paara Thrivikraman Namboothiri, Priest of Guruvayoor Temple in Kerala, 1960'sPanch Dravida (the five classes of Southern India): 1) Andhra, 2) Dravida (Tamil and Kerala), 3) Karnataka, 4) Maharashtra and Konkon, and 5) Gujarat. They originate from north of the (now-extinct) Saraswati River.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

In Haryana, the Brahmin are classified in mainly Dadhich_Brahmin, Gaud Brahmin, Khandelwal Brahmin. But large proportion of Brahmin in Haryana are Gaud(about 90%). Approximately all Brahmin in west U P are adi gaur.

 

In Nepal, the hill Brahmins are classified in mainly Upadhaya Brahmin, Jaisi Brahmin and Kumain Brahmins. Upadhaya Brahmins are supposed to have settled in Nepal long before the other two groups. Majority of hill Brahmins are supposed to be of Khasa origin.

 

In Punjab, they are classified as Saraswat Brahmins.

 

In Rajasthan, the Brahmins are classified in mainly Dadhich_Brahmin, Gaur Brahmin,Sanadhya brahmins, Rajpurohit / Purohit Brahmins, Sri Gaur Brahmin, Khandelwal Brahmin, Gujar-Gaur Brahmins. Rajpurohit / Purohit Brahmins are mainly found in Marwar & Godwad region of Rajasthan. Rajpurohit a Title bestowed upon those learned Brahmins, who use to perform the rituals and rites for the rulers of some kingdoms. In the course of their service to the kingdom, according to ancient traditions, the king use to award a few villages or land known as Sasan Jagir within his kingdom to their Rajpurohits. These villages or land were considered to be free from any ruler, and were outside the ambit of any form of tax. Shakdwipiya Brahmins are also found at many places in rajasthan they are the major pujari in many temples of western rajasthan. In Sindh, the saraswat Brahmins from Nasarpur of Sindh province are called Nasarpuri Sindh Saraswat Brahmin. During the India and Pakistan partition migrated to India from sindh province.

 

In Uttar Pradesh, from west to east: Sanadhya, Gauda & Tyagi (western UP), Kanyakubja( Central UP), Sarayuparin (Central Uttar Pradesh,Eastern, NE,& SE UP), Bhumihar (Varanasi and other parts of eastern U.P.) and Maithil(Varanasi), the South western UP, i.e. Bundelkhand has thick population of Jujhotia brahmins(branch of Kanyakubja brahmins:ref. Between History & Legend:Power & Status in Bundelkhand by Ravindra K Jain). On the Jijhoutia clan of Bhumihar Brahmins, William Crooke writes, "A branch of the Kanaujia Brahmins (Kanyakubja Brahmins) who take their name from the country of Jajakshuku, which is mentioned in the Madanpur inscription."33 Mathure or mathuria Brahmins 'choubeys' are limited to Mathura area.

 

In Gujarat, Brahmins are classified into Eight groups: Anavil Brahmin, Audichya Brahmins, Bardai Brahmins, Girinarayan Brahmins, Khedaval, Nagar Brahmins, Shrimali Brahmins, Sidhra-Rudhra Brahmins and Modh Brahmins. The Modh Brahmins worship Matangi Modheshwari mata (Modhera) and are mostly found in North Gujarat and in the Baroda region.

 

In Maharashtra, Brahmins are classified into five groups: Chitpavan Konkanastha Brahmins, Gaud Saraswat Brahmin Pareek, Deshastha Brahmin, Karhade Brahmin, and Devrukhe. As the name indicates, Kokanastha Brahmin are from Konkan area. Gaud Saraswat Brahmins are from Konkan region or they may come from Goa or Karnataka, Deshastha Brahmin are from plains of Maharashtra, Karhade Brahmins are perhaps from Karhatak (an ancient region in India that included present day south Maharashtra and northern Karnataka) and Devrukhe Brahmins are from Devrukh near Ratnagiri.

 

In Madhya Pradesh the descendents of Somnath temple priests, Naramdev Brahmin, Who migrated from Gujrat to Madhyapradesh after the Mohd. Ghazni notorious forays in saurashtra and desacration of Somnath, and sedenterized along the coast of Narmada river hence derived their name ie Narmdiya brahmin or Naramdevs. Guru of Adi guru Shankaracharya, shri Govindacharya claimed to belongs to this community who initiated him in the Omkareshwar in the bank of river Narmada. Naramdevs are in high concentration in Nimar (Khandwa and Khargone)and Bhuvana region (Harda) of Madhyapradesh. Here, the Brahmins are classified in mainly Shri Gaud, Sanadhya brahmin, Gujar-Gaud Brahmins. Majority of Shri Gaud Brahmins are found in the Malwa region (Indore, Ujjain, Dewas). Eastern MP has dense population of Sarayuparain Brahmins. Hoshangabad and Harda Distt. of MP have a considerable population of Jujhotia (a clan of Bhumihar Brahmins, eg. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati) and Naremdev Brahmins.

 

In Karnataka, Brahmins are mainly classified into Havyaka speaking Havigannada, Babbur Kamme, Hoysala Karnataka speaking kannada, Shivalli and Kota speaking Tulu, Karahada speaking Marathi and have their own tradition and culture.

 

In Orissa, Utkala Brahmins, also known as Oriya or Orissa Brahmins, are a Jati (caste) who live mainly in the Indian state of Orissa & neighbouring states of Chhatishgarh,Northern Andhra Pradesh,West Bengal & Jharkhand. They constitute farthest branch of the Panch-Gauda in the east, south of Maithila(present day Bihar).Utkala Brahmins are mainly classified into Utkala Kulina Brahmins,Utkala Aranyaka Brahmins,Utkala Halua Brahmins,Utkala Panda Brahmins.

 

In West Bengal, the Brahmins are classified in Barendra & Rarhi corresponding to the ancient Barendrabhumi(North Bengal) and Rarhdesh(South Bengal) making present day Bangladesh & West Bengal. It is also said that Barendras are traditional Brahmins who practiced the art of medicinal science and surgury rather than the traditional function of being the teacher or the priest, and so many a times they are not considered true brahmins by the Rarhis, although they are their own offshoots.

 

The traditional accounts of the origin of Bengali Brahmins are given in texts termed Kulagranthas (e.g., Kuladipika), composed around the 17th century. They mention a ruler named Adisura who invited five Brahmins from Kanyakubja, so that he could conduct a yajña, because he could not find Vedic experts locally. Traditional texts mention that Adisura was ancestor of Ballal Sena from maternal side and five Brahmins had been invited in AD 1077. Historians have located a ruler named Adisura ruling in north Bihar, but not in Bengal. But Ballal Sena and his predecessors ruled over both Bengal and Mithila (i.e., North Bihar). It is unlikely that the Brahmins from Kanyakubja may have been invited to Mithila for performing a yajña, because Mithila was a strong base of Brahmins since Vedic age. Another account mentions a king Shyamal Varma who invited five Brahmins from Kanyakubja who became the progenitors of the Vaidika Brahmins. A third account refers to five Brahmins being the ancestors of Varendra Brahmins as well. From similarity of titles (e.g., upadhyaya), the first account is most probable.

 

Besides these two major community there are also Utkal Brahmins, having migrated from present Orissa and Vaidik Brahmins, having migrated from Western and Northern India.

 

In Andhra Pradesh, Brahmins are broadly classified into 3 groups: Vaidika (meaning educated in vedas and performing religious vocations), Niyogi (performing only secular vocation)and Dravidlu(In the Coastal Andhra Pradesh). They are further divided into several sub-castes. However, majority of the Brahmins, both Vaidika and Niyogi, perform only secular professions.

 

In Karnataka, Brahmins are broadly classified into 2 groups: Madhwa (followers of Shri Madhwacharya) and Smartha (followers of Shri Adi Sankaracharya). They are further divided into several sub-castes. Other than these groups, there are other brahmin communities viz, Havyaka, Kota, Shivalli, Saraswata etc. Here, Havyaka speaking Havigannada, Babbur Kamme, Hoysala Karnataka speaking kannada, Shivalli and Kota speaking Tulu, Karahada speaking Marathi and have their own tradition and culture.

 

In Kerala, Brahmins are classified into three groups: Namboothiris, Pottis and Pushpaka. The major priestly activities are performed by Namboothiris while the other temple related activities known as Kazhakam are performed by Pushpaka Brahmins and other Ampalavasis. Sri Adi Shankara was born in Kalady, a village in Kerala, to a Namboothiri Brahmin couple, Shivaguru and Aryamba, and lived for thirty-two years. The Namboothiri Brahmins, Potti Brahmins and Pushpaka Brahmins in Kerala follow the Philosophies of Sri Adi Sankaracharya. Nagariks are the common name for north indian immigrant brahmins The Brahmins who migrated to Kerala from Tamil Nadu are known as Pattar in Kerala. They possess almost same status of Potti Brahmins in Kerala.

 

In Tamil Nadu, Brahmins belong to 2 major groups: Iyer and Iyengar. Iyers comprise of Smartha and Saivite Brahmins and are broadly classified into Vadama, Vathima, Brhatcharnam, Ashtasahasram, Sholiyar and Gurukkal. There are mostly followers of Adi Shankaracharya and form about three-fourths of Tamil Nadu's Brahmin population. Iyengars comprise of Vaishnavite Brahmins and are divided into two sects: Vadakalai and Thenkalai. They are mostly followers of Ramanuja and make up the remaining one-fourth of the Tamil Brahmin population.

 

In Bihar, majority of Brahmins are Kanyakubja Brahmins, Bhumihar Brahmins and Maithil Brahmins with a significant population of Sakaldiwiya or Shakdwipi Brahmins. The Bhumihar Brahmins, of whom many, though not all, belong to the Saryupareen Brahmin division of Kanyakubja Brahmins. Therefore, there is a lot of brotherhood among these Brahmin sub-castes and Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi and Dr. Hazari Prasad Dwivedi have mentioned it in their writings. On the Jijhoutia clan of Bhumihar Brahmins (eg. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati), William Crooke writes, "A branch of the Kanaujia Brahmins (Kanyakubja Brahmins) who take their name from the country of Jajakshuku, which is mentioned in the Madanpur inscription."

 

In the 19th and 20th national convention of Kanyakubja Brahmins by Kanyakubja Mahati Sabha, in 1926 and 1927 respectively, it reiterated Bhumihar Brahmins to be Kanyakubja Brahmins and appealed for unity among Kanyakubja Brahmins whose different branches included Sanadhya, Pahadi, Jujhoutia, Saryupareen, Chattisgadhi, Bhumihar and different Bengali Brahmins.

 

With the decline of Mughal Empire, in the area of south of Avadh, in the fertile rive-rain rice growing areas of Benares, Gorakhpur, Deoria, Ghazipur, Ballia and Bihar and on the fringes of Bengal, it was the 'military' or Bhumihar Brahmins who strengthened their sway. The distinctive 'caste' identity of Bhumihar Brahman emerged largely through military service, and then confirmed by the forms of continuous 'social spending' which defined a man and his kin as superior and lordly. In 19th century, many of the Bhumihar Brahmins were zamindars. Of the 67000 Hindus in the Bengal Army in 1842, 28000 were identified as Rajputs and 25000 as Brahmins, a category that included Bhumihar Brahmins. The Brahmin presence in the Bengal Army was reduced in the late nineteenth century because of their perceived primary role as mutineers in the Mutiny of 1857, led by Mangal Pandey. The Kingdom of Kashi belonged to Bhumihar Brahmins and big zamindaris like Bettiah Raj, Hathwa Raj and Tekari Raj belonged to them.

 

Gotras

 

In general, gotra denotes any person who traces descent in an unbroken male line from a common male ancestor. Panini defines gotra for grammatical purposes as ' apatyam pautraprabhrti gotram', which means 'the word gotra denotes the progeny (of a sage) beginning with the son's son. When a person says ' I am Kashypasa-gotra' he means that he traces his descent from the ancient sage Kashyapa by unbroken male descent.

 

According to the Baudhâyanas'rauta-sûtra are 8 sages; the progeny of these eight sages is declared to be gotras:

 

1.   Visvamitra,

2.   Jamadagni,

3.   Bharadvâja,

4.   Gautama,

5.   Atri or Krisnatriya,

6.   Vasishtha,

7.   Kashyapa and

8.   Agastya

 

This enumeration of eight primary gotras seems to have been known to Panini. These gotras are not directly connected to Prajapathy or latter brama. The offspring (apatya) of these eight are gotras and others than these are called ' gotrâvayava '.

 

The gotras are arranged in groups. There are according to the Âsvalâyana-srautasûtra four subdivisions of the Vasishtha gana, viz. Upamanyu, Parashara, Kundina and Vasishtha (other than the first three). Each of these four again has numerous sub-sections, each being called gotra.

 

So the arrangement is first into ganas, then into pakshas, then into individual gotras. The first has survived in the Bhrigu and Angirasa gana. According to Baudh., the principal eight gotras were divided into pakshas.

 

·       The pravara of Upamanyu is Vasishtha, Bharadvasu, Indrapramada;

·       The pravara of the Parâshara gotra is Vasishtha, Shâktya, Pârâsharya;

·       The pravara of the Kundina gotra is Vasishtha, Maitrâvaruna, Kaundinya and

·       The pravara of Vasishthas other than these three is simply Vasishtha.

 

It is therefore that some define pravara as the group of sages that distinguishes the founder (lit. the starter) of one gotra from another.

 

Pravaras

 

There are two kinds of pravaras.

1) Sishya-prasishya-rishi-parampara, and

2) Putrparampara.

 

Gotrapravaras can be ekarsheya, dwarsheya, triarsheya, pancharsheya, saptarsheya, and up to 19 rishis.

 

Kashyapasa gotra has at least two distinct pravaras in Andhra Pradesh: one with three sages (triarsheya pravara) and the other with seven sages (saptarsheya pravara). This pravara may be either sishya-prasishya-rishi-parampara or putraparampara.

 

When it is sishya-prasishya-rishi-parampara marriage is not acceptable if half or more than half of the rishis are same in both bride and bridegroom gotras. If it is putraparampara, marriage is totally unacceptable even if one rishi matches.

 

Sects and rishis

 

Due to the diversity in religious and cultural traditions and practices, and the Vedic schools which they belong to, Brahmins are further divided into various subcastes.

 

During the sutra period, roughly between 1000 BCE to 200 BCE, Brahmins became divided into various Shakhas (branches), based on the adoption of different Vedas and different rescension Vedas. Sects for different denominations of the same branch of the Vedas were formed, under the leadership of distinguished teachers among Brahmins.

 

There are several Brahmin law givers such as Angirasa, Apasthambha, Atri (also sometimes more realized as Krishnatriya), Brihaspati, Boudhayana, Daksha, Gautam, Harita, Katyayana, Likhita, Manu, Parasara, Samvarta, Shankha, Shatatapa, Ushanasa, Vashishta, Vishnu, Vyasa, Yajnavalkya and Yama.

 

These twenty-one rishis were the propounders of Smritis. The oldest among these smritis are Apastamba, Baudhayana, Gautama, and Vasishta Sutras.

 

Descendants from Brahmins

 

·       Many Indians claim descent from the Vedic Rishis of both Brahmin and non-Brahmin descent.

 

·       For example the Dash and Nagas are said to be the descendants of Kashyapa Muni.

 

·       The Rajput gothras which correspond to the name of the Rishis mean that they employ(ed) (and protect) Brahmin priest of that gothras.

 

·       Visvakarmas are the descendants of Pancha Rishis or Brahmarshies.

 

·       According to Yajurveda and brahmanda purana They are Sanagha, Sanathana, Abhuvanasa, Prajnasa, Suparnasa.

 

·       The Kani tribe of South India claim to descend from Agastya Muni.

 

·       The Gondhali, Kanet, Bhot, Lohar, Dagi, and Hessis claim to be from Renuka Devi.

 

·       The Kasi Kapadi Sudras claim to originate from the Brahmin Sukradeva. Their duty was to transfer water to the sacred city of Kashi.

 

·       Dadheech Brahmins/dayama brahmin trace their roots from Dadhichi Rishi. Many Jats clans claim to descend from Dadhichi Rishi while the Dudi Jats claim to be in the linear of Duda Rishi.

 

·       Lord Buddha of course, was a descendant of Angirasa through Gautama. There too were Kshatiryas of other clans to whom members descend from Angirasa, to fulfill a childless king's wish.

 

·       The backward-caste Matangs claim to descend from Matang Muni, who became a Brahmin by his karma.

 

·       The nomadic tribe of Kerala, the Kakkarissi according to one legend are derived from the mouth of Garuda, the vehicle of Vishnu, and came out Brahmin.

 

Brahmins taking up other duties Brahmins have taken on many professions - from being priests, ascetics and scholars to warriors and business people, as is attested for example in Kalhana's Rajatarangini.

 

Two of the largest empires in India were established and ruled by Brahmins. When the Kshatriyas failed to conduct their duties, Brahmins have become warriors and eventually restored law and order.

 

Brahmins according to Dharma should assume a ruling position because they are the law-makers and preservers of Dharma. However, whenever there have been incidents in the history, where the rulers have failed to live up to Dharma, Brahmins have assume power to restore proper law and order.

 

First, instance is Chanakya (a brahmin) created the Maurya Empire. Maurya empire was the largest empire in India. Second, the Peshwas (Brahmins) ruled almost all of greater India, starting from Mysore to Afghanistan.

 

Brahmins with the qualities of Kshatriyas are known as 'Brahmakshatriyas'. An example is the avatara Parshurama who destroyed the entire Haiheyas 21 times. Not only did Sage Parashurama have warrior skills but he was so powerful that he could even fight without the use of any weapons and trained others to fight without weapons.

 

The Bhumihar Brahmins were established when Parashurama destroyed the Kshatriya race, and he set up in their place the descendants of Brahmins, who, after a time, having mostly abandoned their priestly functions (although some still perform), took to land-owning.

 

Today there is a caste, Brahmakhatris, who are a clan of the Khatris.

 

Perhaps the word Brahma-kshatriya refers to a person belonging to the heritage of both castes. However, among the Royal Rajput households, brahmins who became the personal teachers and protectors of the Royal princes rose to the status of Rajpurohit and taught the princes everything including martial arts. They would also become the keepers of the Royal lineage and its history. They would also be the protectors of the throne in case the regent was orphaned and a minor.

 

Kshatriyan Brahmin is a term associated with people of both caste's components.

 

The Pallavas were an example of Brahmakshatriyas as that is what they called themselves. King Lalitaditya Muktapida of Kashmir ruled all of India and even Central Asia.

 

King Rudravarma of Champa (Vietnam) of 657 A.D. was the son of a Brahmin father.

 

King Jayavarma I of Kambuja (Kampuchea) of 781 A.D. was a Brahma-kshatriya.

 

Brahmins with the qualities of a Vaisya or merchant are known as 'Brahmvyasya'. An example of such persons are people of the Ambastha caste, which exist in places like South India and Bengal. They perform medical work - they have from ancient times practiced the Ayurveda and have been Vaidyas (or doctors).

 

Many Pallis of South India claim to be Brahmins (while others claim to be Agnikula Kshatriyas.) Kulaman Pallis are nicknamed by outsiders as Kulaman Brahmans. Hemu from Rewari ,Haryana was also a Brahmin by birth.

 

Duties

 

Brahmanas have six occupational duties, of which three are compulsory — namely, studying the Vedas, worshiping the Deity and giving charity. By teaching, by inducing others to worship the Deity, and by accepting gifts, the brahma?as receive the necessities of life.

 

Of the six occupational duties of the brahmanas, three are compulsory — namely, worship of the Deity, study of the Vedas and the giving of charity. In exchange, a brahmiin should receive charity, and this should be his means of livelihood. A brahmiin cannot take up any professional occupational duty for his livelihood.

 

The sastras especially stress that if one claims to be a brahmana. Brahmins believe in Sarvejanassukhinobhavantu — Let the entire society be happy and prosperous and Vasudhaika kutumbakam — the whole world is one family. Many Brahmins are reformers.

 

Most Brahmins today practice vegetarianism or lacto-vegetarianism. There are some Brahmins who are non-vegetarians, mainly the Brahmins of cold mountain areas like Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Nepal, and coastal areas like Bengal, who are fish eaters. However, even the meat eating Brahmins shun beef.

 

Sampradayas

 

The three sampradayas (traditions) of Brahmins, especially in South India are the Smarta sampradaya, the Srivaishnava sampradaya and the Madhva sampradaya.

 

Vaishnavism Srivaishnava sampradaya and the Madhva sampradaya are the two major Vaishnavite sects. From these two were influenced several other Vaishnavite sects such as the Ramananda Sampraday, and Ramdassi Sampraday. The chief propounder of the Sri Vaishnava Sampradaya was Ramanuja while Madhava was the founder of the Madhav Sampraday. The Pushtimarg Sampraday, founded by Vallabh Acharya is yet another sect influenced by the other two major Vaishnavite sect.

 

The most well know branch of Vaishnavism is that of Brahma Gaudiya Vaishnavism from Bengal.citation needed This was founded by Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu. This branch of Vaishnavism was the first opened the status Brahmin to those who were not of Indian decent. These brahmin are part of the Gaudiya Vaishnava branch known as International Society for Krishna Consciouness, or ISKCON

 

Vaishnavism included many sect such as the Swaminarayan Sampraday.

 

There are many members of the Swaminarayan Sampraday founded by Bhagwan Swaminarayan, born as Ghanshyam Pande a Vaishnavite Brahmin of present-day Uttar Pradesh. He later settled in Gujarat, wherein the highest density of sampraday members live. This is a Vaishnavite sect. This sect was founded in the latter part of the 18th century.

 

There is also the Varkari Sampraday, which worships Sri Krishna as "Vithal". The word "Varkari" means travelers because members of this sect travel from their home towns on a pilgrimage to Pandharpur, almost always on foot! Important saints of this movement were the Brahmins Dnyaneshwar, Muktabai as well as several non-Brahmin icons.

 

There is also the Mahanubhava sampraday founded by King Cakradhara, known popularly to members as Sri Chakradhar Swami, in the 12th century. The members of this sect worship Lord Vishnu in His five forms; Lord Krishna, Lord Sri Dattatreya, Lord Sri Chakrapani, Lord Sri Govindaprabhu, and Lord Cakradhara (the founder Himself).

 

Shaivism The Shaiva Brahmins have important icons such as, Basava Swami of Karnataka, Kungiliya Kalaya Nayanar or Tamil Nadu, and Lakulisa of Gujarat.

 

 


Greetings,
Upendra Bhatt
(C):678-478-2578 - www.uetours.net
1) upendra@msn.com  2) upendra1@comcast.net



--


Manoj Padhi

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Monday, May 25, 2009

BTN: aaa..not for the rich guys....

Hello brothers and sisters,

hope you are all doing great....this mail i just posted for the
benefit of middle class among us...and not necessary to read further
for the affluent.....some reasonable amount of legitimate monwy can be
made through online working for a couple of hours daily....
can t promise you big money but atleast 15 to 30thousand a month
depending upon your interest and effort and activeness.NO JOINING
FEE. ........best to try connecting the link below

http://www.earnparttimejobs.com/index.php?id=2046144

all the very best

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Friday, May 22, 2009

BTN: Movies

Movies

http://jsathiskumar9.blogspot.com

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Sunday, May 17, 2009

BTN: Verdict for / against whom? what BJP need to win Indians ?

BJP has got following issues:
  • In Orissa, for a  vacant Rajya Sabha MP, they forced Mr. Balbir Punj, an outsider upon people of Orissa.
  • Two of their tainted minister Mr. Samir Dey and Manmohal Samal were continued to in cabinet of NAveen Patnaik (BJD) in spite of corruption and sex scandals.
  • In stead of building organization across all places, they concentrated on Kandhamala and lfew minorities got killed/thousands got affected.
  • from the above - it seems that they are no different than Congress party  in any respect. The corrupt face of lotus. They took people of Orissa and Naveen Patnaik as granted.
  • Most of us like BJP because of its Nationalism, but they are just careless about people's feelings. I am a Hindu and like BJP. But I am also an Odia. Why do I have to bear an outsider Rajya Sabha MP and two of its  corrupt ministers ? Naveen Patnaik did remove all his tainted ministers while BJP's poor  state and  National leadership failed to act on its corruption.
  • End result : they screwed up in a state where people liked BJP.
  • In West Bengal, Andhra, Tamil nadu - they didn't have any presence or alliance.Where they had a good alliance, their ministers in Orissa, criticized their only good ally and created Kandhamala disturbances in stead if strengthening party in every constituency. Enjoyed ministership without concentrating on grass root organization.

The above is the story in one state. In Rajasthan, MP, Himachal also I guess the story wouldn't be different. In Metros also they are losing urban base.. No BJP CM except Modi is able to hold their state. Vasundhra in Rajasthan was an arrogant lady and yet she was allowed to continue. Results - screwed up... Why can't they replaced Vasundhra before election as Vilash Rao was replaced after 26/11 , in Maharashtra ?


They have become worst than congress and they are hesitant to take disciplinary action against tainted and corrupt ministers..

I know , many Hindus believe that all Hindus should vote for BJP.. But I would say that, BJP in its current form does every thing, what Congress have been doing..

They don't listen to people when we complain. I had sent mails to BJP headquarters citing the corruption of their ministers in state.. no response.. they just don't care about you and me..

They need to show that they respect and address both state level sentiments in addition to their Nationalist ideology.

i.e Balbir Punj, if needed  to be sent to Rajya Sabha should be sent from his home state. He is useless to Odisha as an MP.

Similarly , they should pick popular icons of each state (Rajanikanth in Tamilnadu, Chriranjivi in Andhra) and  give them freehand to build the party. They shouldn't frustrate them like Mr. Satrughan Sinha, when they get benefit. They should also learn, that not all Muslims are our enemy even though they have different view on Vande Mataram. While the bigoted and unpatriotic Muslims and conversion lover missionaries are targetted, no injustice must be allowed against the normal minorities , who just wish to live like us and have nothing to do with secularism and communalism..

Mamta banarjee could have gone with them,, but in a Muslim dominated West Bengal, why she would risk her seats ? that issue is every where ? Rajnikanth and Chriranjivi - both have got Muslim fans as well.

You would not believe the way BJP ministers in Naveen Patnaik's cabinet behaved in a coalition. They publicly embarrassed him and frustrated him in spite of their dependency on him.
 
Any recommendations for BJP :

Wherever they are in power, allow couple of independent minded bloggers to monitor their administration. All criticisms by bloggers must be discussed and addressed at party level.

Wherever they are in opposition, build their grass root organization and take message to masses by creating direct-channel (telephone/Internet/sms) between people and BJP leaders..

They have to tone down, anti-Minority rhetoric and emphasize on strengthening Hindu Nationalist beliefs.

Stop giving tickets to criminals.

Thanks
Manoj Padhi


On Sun, May 17, 2009 at 8:18 AM, Prashant Dogra <prashant.dogra@gmail.com> wrote:
very well said, Vijay & Praveen
 
BJP instead of introspection , has been prone to self-inflicting stereotypism
 
some of the points raised by Manoj could have been settled by BJP government..........but the "sycophancy" within BJP wants to put all this on other's plate. Agree they had little time, but atleast some of the measures could have been taken.....but as Vijay said BJP actually propogated some of the problems that are typically associated with Congress
 
BJP lost the delhi elections due to the failure of MCD leadership, and this was evident in the RWA event organised by People's Action & URJA last year.
 
what BJP is not realising is that sectarianism worked in 90s.............but today the only thing that moves people is economic prosperity & that comes with harmony (as said by Praveen)
People have voted for a "safe option"............perceptions rule and you need to play for perceptions
 
 
Last word on the plank of "Safe country" -- welll, BJP has to explain Kandahar & Parliament............then going for using mumbai attacks as a platform was Hara-Kiri
 
regards
2009/5/17 praveen shankar kapoor <praveenshankarkapoor@gmail.com>

Dear All, elecions are over and we can speak out our heart. Normally I agree with Manoj Mishra ji & Rajesh Malhotra ji on most issues yet for once I differ. Like you two I too believe that U.P.A's policies are against the long term naional interests yet today when a very vast percentage of electorate who went to vote have found a better option in Congress it is the day to wish that this time round U.P.A. stands up to public expectations improves its policies and work for a better nation.
 
N.D.A. more so B.J.P. needs to ponder what led to its collapse.
 
Most of you must have seen my letter I sent to Sh. L.K. Advani ji on 14th May ( I had put a copy on URJA network ). I for one had always been sure that it would be 7 - 0 in Delhi, similarly I had predicted B.J.P. would get hardly 25 seats in Delhi Assembly when entire party was in a JEETI BAITHI PARTY Mood.
 
Soon you may also hear that I have won the AAJ TAK Seat Batao Contest - I rightly predicted B.J.P. would get only 120 seats.
 
We have to understand why the masses rejected N.D.A. or to be precise B.J.P., why I despite being actively associated with B.J.P. always thought we would loose ? 
 
Answer is straight & simple - B.J.P. leadership does not know what people want today. The nation wants harmony while some how by condoning Varun Gandhi acts the party destroyed its chances at national level and by putting up a cheap politics man like B.L. Sharma Prem it committed a sucide in Delhi.
 
Lets first examine Case Delhi - 6 months ago when it lost Delhi Vidhan Sabha election B.J.P. analyzed that it was party's M.C.D. leaderships failure to perform that boomranged and same leaders put up M.C.D's failure Vijendra Gupta before people who had no achievement to project even after 2 years of power. He further hurt the party by playing caste politics of Baniyawaad which too boomranged.
 
In South Delhi that has 40 % highly educated voter B.S.P. & Congress had put up rural image bare educated candidates yet B.J.P. too put up a bare educated candidate, why ?
 
The sucide that West Delhi's Jagdish Mukhi did by foul mouthing Eastern U.P. settlers is a eye opener. 
 
Sikhs whose card B.J.P. keeps harping too reject it so often. Its time B.J.P. & Akali bosses let the 1984 riots dead rest in peace. Please also remember thousands of Hindu's died fell victim to Sikh terrorism, spare some tears for them too.
 
The politics of religion, caste & creed does not appeal to majority of Hindu's specially the youth. If politics of hatred could take us any further then party should have done better in Narendra Modi's Gujrat, no B.J.P. has barely passed there getting 15/26.  
 
Just see states like Bihar, Chatisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh or Karnatka where party Chief Ministers talked of SAMRASTA & Development and just see the excellent results party has got.
Thus the Mool Mantra is that People Want SAMRASTA, a Better Today, Hope of a Pleasent Tomorrow and not a scare of riots & unsettled days. As for acts of extremists acts youth of today asks didnt the worst acts happen when B.J.P. was in power ?
 
It is my personal opinion as a B,J,P, Voter & Sympathizer it would be better if party gets rid of the excess baggage Varun Gandhi at earliest and party develop a economic agenda to present before the nation.
 
The party leaders instead of manipulating organizational elections that they are experts at better learn to fight Congress generation next.
 
Last but not least stop harping the ONE FAMILY RULE TUNE because the general voter of the nation who always gives more votes to Congress then B.J.P. feels insulted BECAUSE THE GANDHI's ALWAYS FIGHT IN TO LOK SABHA UNLIKE SOME OF B.J.P. STALWARTS WHO PREFER SAFE Rajya Sabha PASSAGE.
 
I know my harsh language may hurt many but what to do when the party I love its leaders are not prepared to wake up, Still they are trying to find faults with voter attitude.
 
Infact I call upon you all including Rajesh ji & Manoj ji, to work to wake up the sleeping B.J.P. leadership.
 
Regards.
 
Praveen Shankar Kapoor
9873336731


 
On 5/16/09, Manoj Misra <manojmisra@peaceinst.org> wrote:
Pollsters and a 'common feel' factor on the likely results of General Election 2009 has again been proved utterly wrong?
 
But what is this verdict for and against what and whom?
 
There are as expected loud claims of a verdict for 'development and growth' as represented by the policies of the clear victor (UPA). Let us get to this little later.
 
Is it a clear message that the alternate claimant for power (NDA) has yet again failed at the very best, to send across a message that is coherent, positive, clear and distinct rather than unimaginative retort/s like Bhai Ho ! and at the worst the NDA has been discovered by the electorate to be nothing more than a 'nationalistic' facade of actually being a proxy Congress party with little difference in its culture or power mongering. If it be so then why not deal with the Original Congress party rather than with its poor cousin?  
 
What is scary is that does this verdict mean that:
 
a) India does not need to chase its tax violators with ill-gotten money stashed in overseas safe havens?
b) The 'predatory nature' of the state on its natural self in form of blatant abuse of our hills, forests, rivers, ground water, prime agricultural lands, air, oceans, has been condoned or rather okayed?
c) The long term self defeating economic policies of UPA has been given a thumbs up?
d) The blatant role of the vested interests in running of the state is fine?
e) To be corrupt, immoral, opportunistic and self interest driven is fine?
 
On the other hand does this verdict mean the rejection of coalition politics in the country with the electorate choosing to dance with a 'known devil' so long as the national policies (whatever their strength or weaknesses) are not only made by them but implemented too without the push and pulls of uncomfortable coalition partners? 
 
Whatever, the verdict of the people deserves acceptance in all humility.
 
Sure enough our role as civil society vigilants against the predatory nature of a state, further emboldened by a greater power vested onto it by the electorate, has become more acute and uphill.
 
Shall we be able to draw requisite moral strength for the needful? As the key opposition in the state has clearly failed.
 
AMEN.  
 
Manoj Misra 
 
    
 
    



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Manoj Padhi

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Saturday, May 16, 2009

BTN: PLUTOCRACY TAKES OVER INDIA ?

PLUTOCRACY TAKES OVER INDIA

By Subhas Chandra Pattanayak

Election results are now known. We had earlier noted that it would be a Hobson's choice. Whomsoever the peoples could have elected were to be agents of plutocracy as there was not any party of the proletariats in the fray. And that has happened.

Congress has oppressed freethinking patriots of this country so overwhelmingly that the media had been addressing Rahul Gandhi as "Prince" when not a single man or woman of that party was able to dare to differ! Obviously Congress has supported Rahul's emergence as prince!

And Rahul's mother, who by designation is its President; but by practice is its autocrat, runs the Congress. And to this party, peoples of our country have given the majority!

What next!

A couple of days ahead of the final phase of the polls, the National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sector has reported that 836 million people, comprising 75 percent of India, live on less than Rs. 20 a day! This is the condition to which India has been dragged into ever since Manmohan Singh's economic policy has derailed India's constitutional pledge. But, Singh can now say that the peoples of India have endorsed his policy!

One aspect of how the agents of the rich have bagged the votes can be easily read if we read Orissa.

To the helpless, starving peoples, just before the elections, Navin Patnaik in Orissa had bribed with official supply of rice at Rs. 2 a Kg. And the advertisement flow that the Congress flooded the media with, went on to claim that Manmohn Singh government's contribution to cheap rice for poor peoples was Rs.11 per Kg! Poll results show that cheap rice has helped these two fellows grab the poor peoples' vote.

Had the peoples been educated on why are they so poor, neither Navin nor Manmhan could have dared to seek votes. But there was no political education.

Media has been taken over by the rich and luxury addicts. Peoples did not get and will never get political education from media.

With media in the pockets of the rich, the poor peoples have no escape from being misguided into the traps of the rich. This election testifies that.

It is the Communists who could have stood with the toiling millions, who could have saved our peoples. But they conveniently forgot Marxism and went on confusing the common man in the name of secularism.
Resultantly, there was no issue in the election.

Communalism or the so-called secularism cannot be electoral issues. They are social phenomena. If they revolve around religions, no religion has any political economy. There cannot be an electoral issue if unless political economy constitutes its base. The recently determined quantity of 75 percent of India living on only Rs.20 a day is not caused by communalism or secularism. It is caused by capitalism that Manmohan Singh and the likes like Navin Patnaik have promulgated in the country. Communists, who profess the opposite creed, i.e. socialism, could have made it the electoral issue. Manmohan Singh and the Congress party sabotaged India and subjugated her to American hegemony by signing the nuke deal. The Communists had made a historic attempt to obstruct that. Manmohan Singh had survived through horse-trading Whether or not the nuke deal was anti-Indian could have been made an electoral issue. Communists could have done it. But they failed. They remained so obsessed with communalism that they failed to act as Communists in the entire election.

What has happened? Peoples, sans political education, bereft of issues to stand with or refuse, have acted on bribes.

Plutocracy has taken over India.


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Friday, May 15, 2009

BTN: End of Lalu and Paswan ?

Lalu leads, Paswan trails as NDA appears set for major gains in Bihar


Patna, May 16 (PTI) RJD president Lalu Prasad is leading from Saran, while his ally LJP chief Ramvilas Paswan is trailing from Hajipur, as Bihar's ruling NDA appears set for major gains with JD(U) and BJP together leading in 20 of 25 seats trends of which are available so far.
Lalu, locked in a seesaw battle with BJP spokesman Rajiv Pratap Rudy, is leading by a margin of over 5000 votes in Saran after the fifth round, while Paswan is trailing his JD(U) rival and former chief minister Ramsunder Das by over 5000 votes in Hajipur.

Union Rural Development minister Raghuvansh Prasad Singh of RJD is trailing behind JD(U) candidate Vijay Kumar Shukla alias Munna Shukla in Vaishali by a little over 1000 votes after the first round, but Congress' Meira Kumar, Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment, is leading in Sasaram.

Union Minister of State for Tourism Kanti Singh is trailing her JD(U) rival Mahabali Singh in Karakat by 2200 votes, while Union Minister of State for Home Shakeel Ahmed is also trailing BJP candidate and former union minister Hukumdeo Narain Yadav in Madhubani.

Actor-turned-politician Shatrughan Sinha is leading over his RJD rival Vijay Sahu by over 30,000 votes in Patna Saheb where tv superstar Shekhar Suman of the Congress is trailing in the third place. PTI

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Thursday, May 14, 2009

BTN: VIDEHA:SADEHA:1 : VIDEHA 34th issue e-published ई-पत्र द्वारा विदेह ई-पत्रिका : Videha RSS Feed

Dear Madam/Sirs/Friends.
VIDEHA:SADEHA:1 (containing 10% select material from first 25 issues
of VIDEHA e-journal at http://www.videha.co.in)-244 pages A4 big
magazine size in both Mithilakshara and Devanagari versions have been
brought out. For details see print versions sponsor publisher's site
at http://www.shruti-publication.com/ .

ANNOUNCEMENT: VIDEHA:SADEHA:2 would be published in January 2010
(containing select material from 26th to 50th issue of Videha
ejournal).

Videha 34th issue e-published which contains the following topics:

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
१. संपादकीय संदेश

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/lComKN6jxQk/aboutme.htm

१. "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in

१. श्री प्रो. उदय नारायण सिंह "नचिकेता"- जे काज अहाँ कए रहल छी तकर चरचा एक
दिन मैथिली...

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
२. गद्य

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/W6YyAne6n_8/new_page_1.htm

२.गद्य

"विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.1. हास्यव्यंग्य सम्राट प्रोफेसर हरिमोहन झा-- प्रेमशंकर सिंह

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/fcC8EGKEW9k/new_page_17.htm

२.७. २.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.2. सुभाषचन्द्र यादव- कथा- -नदी

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/SIRHQPGEVMA/new_page_22.htm

२.२.२.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.3. प्रत्यावर्तन - (चारिम खेप)- -कुसुम ठाकुर

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/IBf9So7WjRw/new_page_2.htm

२.३.२.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.4. डा. कल्पना मिश्र-मातृभाषा

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/TQ_lUKaM7Bg/new_page_18.htm

२.१ २. गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.5. कामिनी कामायनी -कथा- चुट्टा लेमे की चुट्टी़।

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/tmKb3LgH9iw/new_page_19.htm

२.५ २.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.6. कुमार मनोज कश्यप -कथा-मर्यादाक हनन

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/noSIL8kodUA/new_page_23.htm

२.८. २.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


size="1">मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
2.7. भाषा आ प्रौद्योगिकी (संगणक,छायांकन,कुँजी पटल/ टंकणक तकनीक) ,
अन्तर्जालपर मैथिली आ विश्वव्यापी अन्तर्जालपर लेखन आ ई-प्रकाशन- गजेन्द्र
ठाकुर

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/y732WG0t9iE/new_page_4.htm

२.६ २.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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2.8. बनैत-बिगड़ैत-सुभाषचन्द्र यादवक कथा संग्रहक समीक्षा - गजेन्द्र ठाकुर

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/B1yOtoPIJ3g/new_page_20.htm

२.४.२.गद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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३. पद्य

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/bMfxW2WWDrk/new_page_5.htm

३. पद्य

"विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
3.1. श्री गंगेश गुंजनक- राधा (नवम खेप)

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/WIh9r3BPf_k/new_page_24.htm

३.१. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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3.2. रामभरोस कापडि भ्रमर- अन्हारक विरुद्ध-- कविता

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/OMeZkVEGiE0/new_page_10.htm

३.२. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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3.3. कामिनी कामायनी: आतंकी गाम ।

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/eNPGcAsl45M/new_page_12.htm

३.३. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
3.4. विवेकानंद झा- तीन टा पद्य

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/GiB269JpUMY/new_page_11.htm

३.८. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
3.5. सतीश चन्द्र झा- सोनाक पिजरा

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/qSrcJPA6swQ/new_page_21.htm

३.५. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
3.6. अओताह मन भावन- सुबोध ठाकुर

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/s1CMhEykvjo/new_page_3.htm

३.६ ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
3.7. मणिकान्त मिश्र "मनिष"-मिथिला वन्दना

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/qs6OVqt7YiQ/new_page_25.htm

३.४. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
3.8. ज्योति-हम एक बालक मध्य वर्गके

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/HuTIi3hj3FQ/new_page_16.htm

३.७. ३. पद्य "विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
५. गद्य-पद्य भारती -मूल कोंकणी कथा:नागपंचम,लेखक: श्री वसंत भगवंत
सावंत,हिन्दी अनुवाद:नागपंचमी अनुवादक:श्री सेबी फर्नानडीस मैथिली
अनुवाद-डॉ.शंभु कुमार सिंह

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/2SCZEEsgFrs/new_page_8.htm

५. गद्य-पद्य भारती
दोसर भाषासँ मैथिलीमे अनुवादक स्थायी स्तम्भ


"विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
६. बालानां कृते-1 देवांशु वत्सक मैथिली चित्र-श्रृंखला (कॉमिक्स); आ 2.
मध्य-प्रदेश यात्रा आ देवीजी- ज्योति झा चौधरी

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/uonfx9tMw48/new_page_9.htm

६. बालानां कृते-
- नेना- भुटका लेल समर्पित स्तम्भ ।


"विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in


"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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7. विदेह नूतन अंक भाषापाक रचना लेखन

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/eFmBuswgFXA/new_page_13.htm

पञ्जी डाटाबेस (आगाँ), [मानक मैथिली], [विदेहक मैथिली-अंग्रेजी आ अंग्रेजी
मैथिली कोष (इंटरनेटपर पहिल बेर सर्च-डिक्शनरी) एम.एस. एस.क्यू.एल. सर्वर
आधारित -Based on ms-sql server Maithili-English and...

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
Videha e journal's all old issues in Braille Tirhuta and Devanagari
versions विदेह ई-पत्रिकाक सभटा पुरान अंक ब्रेल, तिरहुता आ देवनागरी रूपमे

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/UObTdn-v_uY/videha

विदेह ई-पत्रिकाक सभटा पुरान अंक ब्रेल, तिरहुता आ देवनागरी रूपमे

"विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in
VIDEHA Ist Maithili...

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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मैथिल आर मिथिला

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/FCz6ibU3onQ/

गाम-घर आर समाजसँ जुड़ल युवावर्गपर आधारित मिथिलाक लोकक कलमसँ किछु मैथिली
आलेख - मैथिलीक सभसँ लोकप्रिय आ सर्वग्राह्य जालवृत्तक टीमक ईमेल
maithiliblog@gmail.com अछि।

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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मैथिली मिथिला चित्रकला, आधुनिक कला आ चित्रक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक
उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग लेल)

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/5zDZ5M6xHjM/

मैथिली मिथिला चित्रकला, आधुनिक कला आ चित्रक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक
उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग लेल)

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
"VIDEHA" Ist Maithili Fortnightly ejournal ARCHIVE

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/r2dsEIpcu04/

"VIDEHA" Ist Maithili Fortnightly ejournal ARCHIVE

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
मैथिली पोथीक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग लेल)

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/Ks-1EoU6vp0/

मैथिली पोथीक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग लेल)

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
मैथिली ऑडियोक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग
लेल)

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/8G9hxAUPkcI/

मैथिली ऑडियोक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग
लेल)

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
मैथिली वीडियोक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग
लेल)

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/WCCr1nKPNBc/

मैथिली वीडियोक संकलन (पूर्णतः अव्यवसायिक उद्देश्य आ मात्र एकेडमिक प्रयोग
लेल)

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
SHRUTI PUBLICATION

Posted: 04 May 2009 12:21 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/LdajDS34sUA/

Videha e journal's all old issues in Braille Tirhuta and Devanagari versions

"विदेह" मैथिली साहित्य आन्दोलन

गजेन्द्र ठाकुर
नई दिल्ली।
ggajendra@videha.co.in
ggajendra@yahoo.co.in...

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

///////////////////////////////////////////
विदेह फाइल :

Posted: 09 May 2009 06:32 AM PDT
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/Videha_RSS_Feed/~3/NXfXHpTrGEw/

विदेह फाइल :

"विदेह" प्रथम मैथिली पाक्षिक ई-पत्रिका । विदेहक नूतन अंक देखबाक लेल जाऊ:-
http://www.videha.co.in/

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